Military Fitness Tests One Standard For All - 1023 Words

Military Fitness Tests: One Standard for All Maintaining a high level of physical fitness is just one of the many facets of military life. It may be the most important aspect to combat survival. This is a reality that the men and women of our Armed Forces live and deal with almost daily. Physical fitness is emphasized through biannual fitness testing conducted in all branches of the military. The Department of Defense (DoD) spent countless dollars studying and developing fitness tests that were not only unique to each branch of the military but fair and equitable to all. At the beginning of the integration of women into the military the DoD determined that men and women have very different physiological properties (Segal and Wechsler 3). To accommodate for these differences two test standards were designed. Do these test standards accurately measure one’s physical ability to perform combat related tasks? Are they accurate measures of the physical abilities of both men and women? These are important questions as women are integrated into jobs that were previously men only. Because there are men and women of equal physical abilities the current military fitness test standards appear to be unfair and sexist. The DoD’s effort to be fair and equitable to both sexes inadvertently created a very interesting dilemma. In this ever changing world of conflict and a growing number of enemies that seek to destroy us, the DoD has decided to look toward women to perform moreShow MoreRelatedPhysical Fitness And Exercise For Active Duty Soldiers1693 Words   |  7 PagesThis section provides an overview of physical fitness and exercise for active duty soldiers. Effective physical fitness training is important for soldiers, airmen, seamen and marines to handle demanding jobs and combat. A good physical training program, implemented by each branch of the military allows a high level of combat readiness for soldiers. 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The Sports Supplement Industry Is Rapidly Growing And...

The Sports Supplement industry is rapidly growing and making an enormous profit off of their products when most of them don’t even work anyway. Forbes has stated that the supplement industry took in $32 billion dollars in 2012. The Nutritional Business Journal projects that the number will jump to $60 billion dollars by the year 2021. The reason I want to share this is because you can save so much money by not buying supplements or if you do then just purchase the ones that have actual scientific proof to benefit you. I like many people have been a victim of the supplement industry. I was baited in just like everyone else with the â€Å"guaranteed lean muscle gains† or â€Å"rapid fat burn†. The outrageous claims are everywhere! If you go through a muscle magazine, every page is an advertisement telling you that to get big and ripped, you must purchase this hot new supplement. They’re all lies! Luckily for me, I did not spend years and years of buying supp lements and wasting my money. After about a year of buying supplements that I thought would work, I started to become educated on the topic and haven’t wasted money on supplements since. Once you find out the truth about supplements you will never waste your money and time on useless products again. Let’s start off with the supplements that actually do work and are worth purchasing if you have the money and desire for sports supplements. Protein powder and creatine. That’s it. It’s a short list and makes you question why sportsShow MoreRelatedEffectiveness of Advertisement in Telecom Industry7709 Words   |  31 PagesA PROJECT REPORT On A study on Effectiveness Of Advertisement in telecom industry Submitted to:- B.K.School of Business Management, Gujarat University, Ahmadabad Guided by:- Dr. Prateek Kanchan Submitted By: Sachin chokhawala (1912) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The satiation and euphonies that accompany the success completion of a task would be incomplete without a mention of people who made it possible. 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Discuss Concepts of Attachment in Human Development Free Essays

string(122) " children on the weekends to make up for the time they have been working and they have missed expending with their child\." Discuss concepts of attachment in human development. What implications does this have for a society in which the majority of Mothers are employed outside the home? Attachment is the bond and affection created by two people. It is a need developed in human beings since we are born to feel secure and safe. We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss Concepts of Attachment in Human Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to Bowlby, this theory is an emotion connection human beings generate when they are born where they get emotionally associated to caregivers, normally the mother, creating to an emotional reaction when this connection of attachment is in danger or gone. (Worden 1991) Lasing psychological connectedness between human beings† The caregiver is giving to the baby an emotional security needed for the development of the baby. (Hospice Slo) This attachment between baby and caregiver can be partially replaced when the baby grows and gets involved for longer periods of time during the day with other human beings but it is very important to keep the infant close to the main caregiver to improve child’s chance of survival. Birth involves changes and adjustments, pain and joy and new beginnings (Kubler-Ross 1981) Key Features of Bolby’s theory of Attachment. Monotropy: Babies are strongly attached to the caregiver who is normally the mother, and this attachment take s its form on the first year of life. -If attachment with the mother has not taken place by age 2, it will be almost impossible to adjust it, even after 6 months of the baby’s life; it would make it very difficult. -Secure attachment to the caregiver is very important for a future emotional, social and intellectual development. -Once attachment is created, if it gets interrupted it can led to massive consequences on social, intellectual and emotional development. Reciprocal: The attachment is form in a two way. -Critical period. Between 6 months and 2 years is most important period where the baby and the caregiver should be close to creating a bond. -Maternal deprivation. As Bowlby describes it, it is the serious developmental impairment caused by being separated from the mother in infancy. (Kubler-Ross 1981) Having in mind the theories of attachment according to Bowlby and the repercussions if interrupted, we can state the existence of a strong independence between mother an d baby. We can understand that this bond between baby/toddler and caregiver cannot be eternally followed. In general, the mothers, after a giving birth, have created the attachment and get connected to the baby but at some point, most of them will have to go back to a productive life and join their job again if they had one, as most women will be obliged to contribute to the necessities of the family’s finances so she will be forced to assign the task of caring for the baby after just a few months of the baby’s life. That does not mean the attachment will be broken but the baby will spend some time during the day looked after by a second party. The baby will be responsive and create an emotional connection between the new caregiver once the caregiver is responsive and familiar. (Berger 1983) This is not a journey by choice most of the time. It would be greater if the mother could stay close to home and focus directly on what is right to be sure that her path is connected with the child. (Kornfield 1988) The task of looking after the baby while the mother is working could be given to a second party in the family, for example grandparents if they are able to take care of the child or any other relative. A nanny or infant day care are some other choices to achieve the right care for the baby. Once the task of carer has been assigned, the baby will be separated of his mother for most of the day and new attachments will be formed, but the main one will be the bond between mother and child. This change could be lived by the child in a very distressed way as new people or strange people will be caring for him and it could be upsetting for the mother if the bonds are too tight. As upsetting as it could be for the child this change in life and environment could be a crucial move for the child to start learning different things, interact with other people or children and start new discoveries. Mothers always think is safer to leave children with family relates, but depending the age, childcare could be a perfect option for a child. Once the infant is around 2 years old, being exposed to other children will help to develop and the start of relationships with other people or kids, so from being the main character in his house, children will learn to socialize with other children or people with the purpose of social growing. The father, who in a normal situation would have developed a bond with the child but in a smaller scale than the mother, he will make closer emotional connection with his child as he will have more responsibility sharing the tasks and caring for the baby. Cowan 1993) Having mentioned what attachment means for caregiver/mother and baby and the changes in modern life, we can question how this affects the working mother, the family and the child. Long-term study by University College London has studied the case and influence in young children when their mothers have to go to work and develop a professional career. The conclusions have been revealing that the kids exposed to this situation are not harmed emotionally or socially by being left with family, relatives or day care option and they would had the same behaviour so there were no changes with the absence of the caregiver. Some researches pointed out that there are no big difference between the time a working mother or a housewife dedicate to their children, as the working mothers compensate the attention to their children on the weekends to make up for the time they have been working and they have missed expending with their child. You read "Discuss Concepts of Attachment in Human Development" in category "Essay examples" Psychologists’ point that it is more important the quality not the quantity of time spent with her children. The fact that the mother can develop a professional career can help to lift her self-esteem and that will be transmitted to the children instead the mother having to resign for the sake of her children which it can lead to a frustration and depression and these could also be transmitted to the children and affect their day life and their behaviour. This case study leaded to some other repercussions regarding children gender and different situations in the household which we can blame to some dysfunctional parental issues. (Meikle) The UCL Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatics study states that children which are left in caring centres or looked after by relatives have poorer dietary habits, had more tendencies to drink sweet drinks between meals and they were an average of two hours a day in front of the TV or the computer than the children who were full time looked after by the mother. These statements link to appreciate that working parents have less time to provide their children with a balance diet and chances for physical activity leading children to a higher risk of obesity. (Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health) Another study by the University College London states that there were no detrimental effects for children if the mother goes back to work but that children’s health and emotional wellbeing could sustain if the detachment happens in very early life of the child. Dr Anne McMunn agrees with some of the statements above and she pointed that children looked after by the mother full time had the most behaviour difficulties. (Ross, T, Barker, C) She also stated that working mothers are more likely to have higher educational qualifications which would allow them to live in a higher class in society, with bigger incomes and have lower possibilities of getting depressed than non working mothers. These factors explain the levels of behavioural difficulties for males of non working mothers, but it would not be the same case for girls. (McMunn, A) The American Psychological Association, in Washington, D. C has studied the case of families with low incomes and the benefits in children if mothers go to work. Children in a low class family will benefit more if the mother works as there will be a financial stability in the household and the mother will become a model role to follow for the family. Their case study was based in mothers returning to work at early age of the children (preferably almost straight away after giving birth) giving a result of benefits for the children and the family. On the other side, mothers who go back to work after her children turns 3 years old, these children will tend to have achievement problems in school, behavioural problems and conduct problems, believing that it was much better an earlier start for the mother to join work. Doing more research on middle and upper class families, children who were left in daycares were slightly more likely to see decreases in achievement, suggesting that families with no financial problems may not see beneficial for the mother to go back to work while children are very young. These studies took place in USA and they agree there is no support for new mothers in terms of flexi time and maternity leave policies and that having more help to arrange more time with their babies could only have positive effects for children. Thompson, R. L) United Nations Children’s Fund reported that children in UK are exposed to risk as mothers join work too soon having to leave babies in day care, nannies and they mentioned it reduces the emotional benefit and behaviourally if the mothers were able to look after the kids at home as maternity leave are not fairly paid and UK and it does not provide enough money for early childhood services. Unicef reckons by their research that the lack of contact between parents and children could lead the children to depression and withdrawn, performing poorly in school and developing behavioural problems stating that the younger the baby is, the greater the risk recommending that babies should be with the parents at least till they are 12 months old. (Beckford, M) We have had the chance to compare different studies and points of view in terms of the impact and implications for employed mothers who have to be away from their homes to bring an income to the house and leave their children in care of second parties. Some of this studies vary in opinions and we have pointed the main repercussions, but most of them agree there is no major repercussions in being absent from the household while they are working. In general, once the attachment mother-child has been established, the mother and the children will always be connected and it could be beneficial for the child for his on future development. In the old times, mothers were staying at home looking after the children and taking care of the house, but this society we are living now has made us change this tradition and our ways of behaving relating parental attachment have changed as we need the income to survive, but the success of our children in the future will not be measured by the material things received but the intensity and quality in the affecting relations parents have been able to provide since they are children. We need to bear in mind that most of the cases where the studies do not find any unbeneficial consequences are based in traditional families, mother and father together with no dysfunctional problems, which if these situation changes dramatically, and the consequences would be completely different. We also presume that the nanny, relative or care giver assigned for this task has experience or it is a high level institution where the children are not going to be in lack of caring of attention. References: – Beckford, M (2008) Unicef: English children at risk because mothers go back to work too soon [Online]. Available: http://www. telegraph. o. uk/news/uknews/3701376/Unicef-English-children-at-risk-because-mothers-go-back-to-work-too-soon. html [Accessed 15 November 2011] -Berger, K. S, 6th ed. , (1983) The developing person through the life span. New York: Worth Publishers. – Cowan, P. A (1993) Family, self, and society: toward a new agenda for family research. New Jers ey: Lawerence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. – Hospice SLO. Worden’s 4 Tasks of Grief [Online]. Available: http://www. hospiceslo. org/helpful-info/82-wordens-4-tasks-of-grief. html [Accessed 15 November 2011] -Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (2009) Children of working mothers have unhealthier lifestyles. Online]. Available: http://www. ucl. ac. uk/news/news-articles/0909/09092903 [Accessed 17 November 2011] -Kornfield, J (1988) A path with heart. New York: Rider. -Kubler-Ross,E (1981) Living with Death and Dying. How to communicate with the terminally ill. New York:Touchstone. -McMunn, A (2011) Working mothers and the effects on children. [Online]. Available: http://www. esrc. ac. uk/news-and-events/press-releases/16143/working-mothers-and-the-effects-on-children. aspx [Accessed 17 November 2011] – Meikle, J (2011) Working mothers do no harm to their young children, research finds. [Online]. Available: http://www. guardian. co. k/lifeandstyle/2011/jul/22 /working-mothers-no-harm-children [Accessed 15 November 2011] -Ross, T, Barker, C (2011) New mothers told it’s better to go back to work. [Online]. Available: http://www. telegraph. co. uk/family/8652948/New-mothers-told-its-better-to-go-back-to-work. html [Accessed 17 November 2011] – Thompson, R. L (2010) The Kids Are All Right: Few Negative Associations With Moms’ Return to Work Soon After Having Children. [Online]. Available: http://www. apa. org/news/press/releases/2010/10/working-mothers. aspx [Accessed 17 November 2011] -Worden, J. W, 4th  ed. , (2010)  Grief Counselling and Grief Therapy: A Handbook How to cite Discuss Concepts of Attachment in Human Development, Essay examples

Law on Passing off in Intelectual Property

Question: What do you law on passing off in Intelectual property oscar refrence? Answer: Introduction The recent scenario has witnessed a rise in the number of instances associated with fraud by way of misrepresentation of products, which has made it necessary to establish necessary laws regarding the protection of any property and/or products. The advent of globalisation has influenced several traders to sell their products by taking assistance of various celebrities, which increases the level of profitability. These factors mainly work as a celebrity promotional strategy towards providing assistance for the selling process and increasing the number of sales. However, to in order to perform such kind of promotional strategies, the company should take adequate permissions from the concerned authority in a legal manner. For instance, the use of celebrity pictures for selling any merchandise is recognised as one type of celebrity promotional endorsement. Therefore, this above-mentioned promotional activity can create any complexities associated with the sales of the products along with the legal issues. The advent of intellectual property law has enabled ensuring protection of the intangible properties that are considered as possessing innovativeness and comprise of patents and copyrights. Intellectual property rights are directed towards safeguarding the people holding such properties in their name from misrepresentation by others in terms of fraud conduct. The intellectual property is defined as products and/or properties, which are mainly recognised as creations of human mind. Properties such as literacy as well as artistic works, symbols, name and images of any popular person are categorised under intellectual property. Furthermore, it can be noted that intellectual property are segmented in to two categorises i.e., industrial property as well as copyrights. The prime objective of the study is to focus over the importance of intellectual property rights that significantly help to protect the property from fraud or other forms of errors. To evaluate the actual importance of the law, a recent case study associated with law on passing off. In intellectual property, this focuses towards the legal issues involved with the sales of garments that have images of a famous person. In this regard, the case sample of Robyn Rihanna Fenty vs. Arcadia Group Brands Limited will be taken into consideration. Besides, the study will also focus over the legal issues, which are associative with the particular fact. Passing Off Passing off is regarded to be one of the most important laws, which is mainly helpful in protecting unregistered trademarks related rights. Specially mentioning, in the common law countries passing of is regarded to be a common law tort, which also used for protecting the goodwill of the dealer as well as manufacturer by getting affected from the misrepresentation. The company Topshop has been using an image of Rihanna in their tank top and selling it in the market. In addition, Rihanna is engaged in any endorsement this particular brand, which is located in London. Therefore, this particular fact has been creating the issues of misrepresentation by affecting her goodwill. As per the claim of Rihanna she is unaware about the fact that her image has been using for printing on a tank top, which is indirectly damaging her reputation. The law of passing off is based on a principle, which elaborates that a person should not sale his or her products under the deception of their products to another person. Rihanna Case Description The case was held between Rihanna and Arcadia Group Brands Ltd (Topshop) regarding the sale of t-shirts having picture of Rihanna, a singing sensation and recognized as a famous person. Rihanna is one of the most famous personalities in the musical world who is widely popular for pop music. The case is mainly concerned with the intellectual property law, which is based on acts pertaining to copyright protection. Specially mentioning, the case mainly reveals about the trading of unauthorised tank tops, which were considered as imprinting an image of Rihanna. The image has been taken from her album named Talk That Talk, which is her sixth album. The posture of the image reflects Rihanna as directly looking into the camera, which made the judge confused regarding whether she was willing to give permission to the company for launching tank tops with her image. However, later it was revealed that the picture was taken towards establishing connection between Rihanna and her audience. An in dependent photographer, recognised as third party, clicked the particular image of Rihanna. The photographer war considered as copyright owner of the photograph. The case of Rihanna is considered as a case of passing off, wherein, it is regarded that one trader is not allowed to sale their own products under the deception, which has made the case of Rihanna to be stronger. For instance, Perry v Truefitt (1884) has also elaborated about the case of deception under the common law tort of passing off. Contrary to the claims upheld by Rihanna, Topshop claimed that the photograph of Rihanna has been used after taking legal permission or licence from the authorised photographer. Moreover, as per the case scenario the usage of Rihannas photographs in the fashionable tops are noted to be unlicensed as well as further do not posses any sort of relation with Rihanna. Besides, it has also been noted that the swing tag and labels presence on the tank tops of Topshop does not reflect the name of Rihanna. This apparently damages the goodwill of Rihanna, which is associated with law of passing off (Evren Warnink BV v Townend [1979] AC 731). It has also been stated that a large numbers of people are buying these T-shirts owing to their assumptions that Rihanna has been engaged in brand endorsement for Topshop, which is not actual in real life scenarios. This factor is indirectly damaging her goodwill among her audiences. Therefore, Rihanna has filed a case against Topshop for using her image a s part of the promotional activities. The issue is relatively associated with the case of the case passing off, which directly indicating towards the misrepresentations of Rihannas goodwill for promoting the business of Topshop. For instance, the case of Reckitt Coleman Products v Borden Inc ([1990] RPC 340 at 499), also reflects the similar context of damage and deception in case of goodwill due to the false endorsement. Therefore, the judgement, which has been provided by the Lord Olivers further, indicates towards the case of passing off. This case is also reflects the trinity of confusion. In addition, the law of passing off is mainly protecting to the damage of goodwill of an individual due to the unfair practice of a trader. The main copyright issues arose during the sale of top with Rihannas picture, as the company had copyright licence from that third party, considered as the independent photographer; however, the company never engaged itself in obtaining licence from Rihan na. Existence of such copyright issues resulted in conduct of the main case, wherein Rihanna achieved success. Legal Issues Involved with Intellectual Property Intellectual property rights are noted to be one of the most important issues that significantly influence the protection of intellectual property and its ownership related factors. The intellectual property rights are noted similar to other regular property rights. In addition, the intellectual property has been projected with three types of law i.e., trademarks, copyrights as well as patents that are considered significantly helpful in protecting the authorisation of the property. These three law rights such as trademarks, patents and copy rights will influences several people to secures their rights over their property along will enabling them to gain financial benefits. The promotion of intellectual property rights for providing protection is noted to be quite effective in nature, since it will encourage several benefits for people being victimized to misrepresentation. Rihanna is not only a leading singer of music industry but she is also recognised personnel in music industry. The promotion of her image in the tank top of Topshop Company has created a damage of her reputation. Here the reputation of Rihanna is regarded to be an intellectual property, which has been misrepresented by the Topshop for its promotional activities. In relation to this, the promotion of intellectual property rights will further motivate the overall wellbeing of humanity and their capacities associated with creating, inventing and exploring new works within the domain of technology and humanity. Most of the time, traders are also involved in the unfair practice for expanding their business. For instance, Sony K K v Saray Electronics (London) Ltd [1983] FSR 302 also elabor ates about the geographical expansion of business through unfair practice. Apart from this, the protection of new property with adequate legal rights will further influence several people to provide commitment and contribute towards further innovation. The innovation of new cultural artwork as well as technical innovation will enhance the development of humanity within the society. Besides, the intellectual property rights are highly useful in promoting overall development of the society. The protection as well as promotion of intellectual property rights further encourages the economic development by creating new jobs as well as industries within the society. With the creation of intellectual property rights, the quality of the human life improves significantly. The intellectual property system is need to be quite competent as well as impartial in nature, so that it can be able to reduce security issues relating to the intellectual property. The intellectual property rights are highly useful in providing numerous benefits to the large numbers of persons, such that it could be able to fuel the progress of human life style. For instance, launch of new musical albums have been able to provide pleasures to several people are required to be registered under the copyright related protection act. Therefore, it is the prime responsibility of the creator or innovator to register its creation under the intellectual property rights. Without an adequate patent mark, the customer s are unwilling to purchase the intellectual property from its owners. For instance, Qualitex Co. v. Jacobson Products Co, U.S.Supreme Court (1995) further elaborated about the different features of intellectual property act. Rihanna has decided to file a case of passing off in against that Topshop, which is mainly located in London. The case should contain the law of passing off over the intellectual property of Rihanna. The false promotion of Rihannas image over the tank top has resulted in damage over the goodwill of Rihanna. Herein, the law of passing off is mainly used for preventing a trader to misrepresenting any promotion by using famous person image in their services and products. This case is also called as case of passing off. The use of intellectual property rights is directed towards providing adequate protection to the patented products. The use of intellectual property rights will influences the growth in the fashion as well as garments industry. Owing to limited protections related to legal issues associated with fashion industry, the imposition of intellectual property rights would be helpful for highlighting its safe identity. Recently the fashion industry has been growing in a rapid manner that leads to several quick changes within the industry as well as in the society. For instance, Whirlpool Corporation v Registrar of Trade Marks, Mumbai is one of the most significant examples that help to understand protection rights of the company towards the product. Precisely, it can be evaluated that the development of new strict policies will influences most of the people to contribute higher level of involvement. Therefore, it is important for the several legal authorities to launch new rules that solely concentrate towards the legal protection regarding fashion-designing clothes. Due to the advent of globalisation, advanced technical systems have influenced the fraud related incidences within the society. Therefore, to protect the fashion designs of several companies as well as individuals, there are three intellectual properly related theories i.e., copyrights, trade dress, and designs patterns, which will be used for security purposes. The case law related to Aston V. Harlee Manufacturing Co. [1960] HCA 47; (1960) 103 CLR 391, has been noted to be one of the most significant examples that are considered relatively helpful in highlighting the actual importance of trademark related acts. Legal Issues Associated With Trade of Clothing an Image of Famous Person The law of passing off protects any illegal and harmful effect such as fraud and misrepresentation. In this regard, it will be eminent to state that with the effective implementation of trade dress related law, people will be able to protect their property, and they will be able to gain significant prominences within that particular domain. The trade dress is considered as an important part of trademark law, which is significantly used for securing words, symbols, numbers as well as any particular phrases used in a product by the procurers. Besides, the fashion designers mainly used these kinds of trade laws for protecting their logos as well as brand names. In this regard, the case regarding Wal-Mart Stores v. Samara Brothers, 529 U.S. 205 (2000) reflects the proper implementation of trade dress related laws, which will be able to cover several new aspects associated with the case laws. In the case of Wal-Mart Stores v. Samara Brothers, 529 U.S. 205 (2000), the trade dress rights has been segmented in to two sorts i.e., afford securities to the design of the products and allowing gourd to the product packaging. For instance, in this particular case study, the Samara Brothers suits a case against Wal-Mart for imitating their children designs and using it for their promotional purpose, which lead towards the development of complexities between these two organisations. Samara Brothers suits case against Wal-Mart; however, it failed to gain success from this case. According to the judgement, it can be identified that Wal-Mart has used the picture but in a secondary manner. On the other hand, in the case of Surya Roshni Ltd. v. Samana Steel Ltd., AIR 1997 Del 321, it has also been elaborated about the temporary command that has been given to plaintiff for protecting its trademark. The fashion industry has been witnessing several frauds related cases relating to its designing perspective. The fashion industry is one of the fastest growing industries, which contributes a majority of its revenue in the overall development of global economy. The advent of fast fashion concept within the fashion industry has further motivated several authorities to develop copyright-related laws within the industry. In addition, the fast fashion term is mainly defined as a forgery of any high-end designers designs by a low-end designer. It is relatively released by the designers in fashion shows by the high end designers, which is noted to be one of the most significant impacts. Judgement Provided To The Case of FentyOrs v Arcadia Group Brands Ltd. The case of FentyOrs v Arcadia Group Brand ltd. is one of the most controversial cases as it is related with two most popular entities of the world i.e., Robyn Rihanna Fenty as well as Topshop belonging to the Arcadia Group Brand. The case is mainly focused over the enforcement of unregistered trademark rights that has been used by the Topshop for launching their tank top products, which have an image of Rihanna. The law of passing off is mainly helpful for the owner of the intellectual property as this law is efficient in preventing one trader to misrepresent the goods as well as services and protect the goodwill of the owner. Based on an assessment of the case, it can be identified that Rihanna was unaware with the fact that Topshop, a famous brand in their product name tank top, has used her photograph. Therefore, it can be highlighted that the case is not only presenting the image rights and privacy related issues, but is significantly related with the unregistered trademark related rights. This case is also known as case of passing off law. Mr. Justice Birss, the judge of this case has also declared that this particular case is not related with the image rights and hence, the case was solved with the help of English law. In the case, Topshop has conducted a false endorsement that significantly supported Rihanna for achieving success and popularity amongst her followers. In this particular case, Rihanna will be able to highlight her point, which proves that Topshop has been misrepresentation their products by utilising her image in a tank top. This factor is related with the false endorsement case, which led to the success of Rihanna. While providing judgement for the case judge has stead about the differences between endorsement as well as merchandising, which also helps to understand about the actual confusion within case. Another strong point associated with the judgement in favour of Rihanna is that she have a goodwill, which has been damaged due to false endorsement of Topshop. The goodwill of Rihanna have to be protected with the law of passing off. Since Rihanna had goodwill in public, the judge took decision in her favour. Moreover, the issue is based on the customers perceptions and nature of market. It cannot be considered as the law that image pertaining to a personality such as Rihanna on products such as Tank top can be associated with c reating a representation suggesting the authorization of the product. In addition, Rihanna has her distinct reputation amid several people, which can get misrepresentation owing to the false representation created due to the image imprinted on top. The company Topshop has further utilised Rihannas brand name for increasing the sale of their products and create a negative representation relating to Rihannas brand endorsement. This misrepresentation is further recognised as damaging her goodwill and reputation. Hence, with due consideration to the aforementioned aspects, the court gave judgment on behalf of Rihanna. Conclusion By reviewing the entire study, it can be indentified that the intellectual property rights are significantly helpful in highlighting the positive aspects of social responsibility. The intellectual property rights are considered beneficial for ensuring security as well as protection of intellectual property, which significantly implies the artwork as well as technical innovation. There are basically three types of laws i.e., trade mark, copyrights as well as patent rights, which has an influence on the protection of intellectual property and its ownership. By evaluating the entire evidences, it can be identified that the intellectual property rights is highly beneficial for providing proper protection to any kind of art work and further influences the authenticity of the propertys actual ownership. Therefore, it can be identified that most of the producers are able to provide security to their artwork as well as cultural work. In case of fashion industry, the advent of fast fashion ph enomenon has also influenced the advent of intellectual property rights. In order to provide proper support for protecting the ownership, the trade mark law, copyrights as well as patent rights are utilised. In the case of FentyOrs v Arcadia Group Brands Ltd., Topshop for has used the images of Rihanna without taking her legal permission for image printing. In this particular case, the judge made the judgement in favour of Rihanna, since the facts represented in the case were associated with false endorsement and goodwill, along with misrepresentation that had an influence on Rihannas image in the public.